Sunday, 2 February 2014

1273533 DIVYA JAIN, F1, Q-20 - BANK FEE EXPLOITING THE POOR ? COMMENT ?

MEANING OF BANK FEES

A fee is the price one pays as remuneration for services . Many banks charge nominal fees for various services and as penalties to customers.  There are unauthorised overdraft fees, ATM usage fees, fees for having an account balance under a required amount, requesting a deposit slip or notarizing a document etc. Some banks charge a fee for using tellers in an effort to encourage customers to use automated services instead. Bank fees generally constitute a major portion of revenue for the bank, particularly for regional and local branches.

INTRODUCTION

The fees have come in for criticism as excessive from consumer advocates. They have also targeted bank practices that maximize the assessment of fees and fees that can add up to many times the amount of small transactions. U.S. banks extract fees from automatic teller machine transactions that are made at other banks. Customers are sometimes charged twice, both by the bank that owns the ATM, and again by their bank. Like, Bank of America charges a denial fee, literally a fee for insufficient funds, and a fee to simply check the account balance at other bank's ATM. When Bank of America announced these plans to charge regular banking customers a $5 monthly fee to use their debit card created a wave of public criticism.

When Banks are in financial trouble, they might see boosting fees or attaching new strings to new accounts as a way to quickly raise millions. The banks make money by providing loans and through debit/credit fees charged to retailers. Micro Finance Institutions (MFIs) that claim to be helping poor people nevertheless charge them interest rates that are considerably above the rates richer borrowers pay at banks.
Following the 2008 financial crisis and legislation passed by Congress, banks have modified many credit card agreements with customers sometimes increasing interest rates or reducing credit limits.

DISCUSSION

The banking industry as a whole earned nearly $30 billion last year from overdraft fees on debit cards and checking accounts. Two years ago almost all banks offered free checking, but now situation changes. Since  the recession and financial crisis, banks have been making more money from consumer fees. 
Banks can be better public institutions by offering products that don’t exclude major population groups. About 40 million Americans have no bank accounts. Banks’ high fees and exclusionary rules are a big part of the reason. It’s hard enough for low-income families to save and high balance requirements make it even harder. The low income group is also the group that is likely to have a poor credit history. There are some hints of how much money is flowing from America's poorest families to banks. In 2008,
California's welfare families paid $8 million in surcharges to access their cash welfare benefits. Surcharges paid by welfare recipients will exceed $16 million this year.The check-cashing industry is worth more than $40 billion a year. Banks  making excessive fees a key part of their ever-evolving and often-exploitative business model.
When researchers asked low-income families why they don’t have a savings account, only 37% said it was because they couldn’t save. Nearly 29% said that lower fees would encourage them to open a bank account.
With regard to banking, many people with a bank account appear to be involuntarily banked, coerced either by employers or the state into having the product. Banks are saying because of new technology implementation, our cost has gone up and we cover these costs from customers in form of Bank fees.
Also “The Reserve Bank of India (RBI) deputy governor K.C. Chakrabarty criticized banks on earning heavy fees by selling insurance cover to their customers. The RBI deputy governor said that with improving technology, banks should be able to offer more cost-effective services to clients rather than pulling back on existing services or increasing the cost of such services for customers.
It was also discussed that the problem here is not only the bank fees; the problem is low income also. Forcing banks to give away some of their services for free will not improve the income-earning ability of low-income earners.

CONCLUSION

 According to me, Banks fees obviously exploit the poor. Banks charges fees in the form of overdraft fees, ATM usage fees, Balance checking fees etc. Banks should  change their credit appraisal process and by only knowing a customer is not enough, it should know the business of the customer as well. This knowledge of customers business will lead to better credit delivery system. It should adopt new technology in better way.
Banks should think about services to poor communities as an investment in customers, which could pay handsome dividends in the future as these customers’ families turn to trusted sources for future financial services. Banks need to put themselves in the shoes of the typical customer and create products and services that generate profits as a result of customer success and delight. Fees should be monitored, but they need to be analyzed in the context of the overall customer experience.


 Banks has to accept the moral obligation to lower barriers to economic prosperity for the nation’s most vulnerable communities. Banks are the backbone of our economy and should have the obligation to provide low income people with low cost savings and checking accounts, but not credit or financing to people with poor credit history.

No comments:

Post a Comment